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EU Adopts CBAM Simplification Regulation
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2025-11-06
On 17 October 2025, the EU published Regulation (EU) 2025/2083 amending the original CBAM Regulation (EU 2023/956) to simplify and enhance the carbon border adjustment mechanism. The amendment reflects the European Commission’s pledge to reduce administrative burdens on businesses, which has entered into force since 20 October 2025. CBAM was introduced in 2023 to prevent carbon leakage and will fully apply from January 2026. Following the European Council’s 2024 call for a “simplification revolution,” the European Commission proposed the Omnibus I package to ease existing CBAM rules. The political agreement was reached mid-2025, approved soon after by both Parliament and Council. Key Amendments:
1. Single Mass-Based De Minimis Threshold- The prior EUR 150 low-value exemption is replaced by a 50-tonne cumulative mass threshold annually, covering iron & steel, aluminum, fertilizers, and cement imports. Imports under this volume are exempt from CBAM obligations, except for electricity and hydrogen sectors.
2. Annual Threshold Review and Adjustment- The Commission will review and adjust the threshold yearly to cover at least 99% of embedded emissions.
3. Monitoring and Penalties Authorities will monitor importers to prevent artificial import splitting; violations lead to penalties up to five times the standard EUR 100/ton emissions fine.
4. Authorized CBAM Declarants- Importers exceeding the threshold must apply for authorization and may delegate declarations to EU-established third parties while retaining responsibility.
5. Extended Declaration Deadline and Reduced Purchase Requirement- Annual declarations and certificate surrender deadlines extended to 30 September the following year. Quarterly certificate purchase minimum lowered from 80% to 50%.
6. Embedded Emission Calculations Emissions determined through default or verified actual values, with defaults based on top 10 highest emitting exporters.
7. Carbon Price Deductions allow deductions for carbon prices effectively paid in third countries, with the Commission publishing default third-country carbon prices from 2027.
8. CBAM Certificate Trading Sales begin 1 February 2027 for 2026 imports, with pricing linked to EU ETS allowances. Excess certificates may be repurchased; unredeemed certificates are cancelled annually.
9. Harmonized Penalties Penalty regime aligns with EU ETS rules; indirect customs representatives may be liable.
10. Sector and Technical Clarifications Clarifications include excluding non-calcined kaolinic clays and focusing only on direct emissions for electricity imports. Accredited verifiers must register within two months of accreditation.
歐盟
碳邊境調整機制
簡化規範
修正案
免稅門檻
年度審查
違規處罰
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排放計算
碳價扣抵
EU CBAM
regulations simplification
amendment
de-minimis threshold
annual review
penalties
authorized declarant
emission calculation
carbon price deduction
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